What does PSA stand for in a medical context?

In a medical context, PSA stands for Prostate Specific Antigen. This is a protein produced by both normal and malignant cells of the prostate gland. The measurement of PSA levels in the blood is a widely used test to screen for prostate cancer and to monitor patients who have been diagnosed with the disease. Elevated levels of PSA can suggest the presence of prostate cancer, though they can also be elevated due to other conditions like benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostatitis.

The other options, while relevant in different contexts, do not specifically pertain to the medical definition of PSA. Public Service Announcement relates to communications intended to raise awareness about health or social issues but does not have a direct medical application like the PSA test. Patient Safety Assessment refers to evaluations done to ensure the safety of patients within a healthcare environment, focusing on protocols and practices, but it is not linked to PSA. Post-Surgical Assessment involves evaluating a patient's recovery after surgery, which is critical in patient care but again not related to the term PSA in a medical context. Thus, the correct answer focuses on the specific role of Prostate Specific Antigen in prostate health assessments.